Who is a Resident of a School District?

 By Michelle Ball, California Education Attorney for Students since 1995 

What district a student is a resident of is usually a simple matter isn't it?  Where does one live and what does the online map say?  Regardless, sometimes this can become a tricky and very important issue for kids.  

Where a student resides legally comes up when a family moves, when a student wants to attend a school where their parent works, their parents are in the military, or are taken out of the state, while the child remains behind in California.  Residency status can become critical, and can involve investigations by school districts and termination of attendance if a student is not found a "resident" of the school district where they attend.

The bottom line is to attend a school district one must be a resident of that school district as defined by state law and district policy.  Simply, a resident is a student 

living with their parents within the boundaries of a school district.  A resident is also, per California Education Code Section 48204, defined as:

-  A student who is attending on an interdistrict attendance agreement (transfer) which has been approved (California Education Code section 46600)

- An emancipated minor living within the district

- A student living in a caregivers home in the district (e.g.caregiver affidavit)

- A student in a state hospital in the district

- A student whose parent or legal guardian works at least 10 hours in that district, who has been approved for transfer.  So long as the parent remains employed, this student should be able to attend through twelfth grade without reapplication (California Education Code section 48204(b)(8)).

-  A foster care, family home, or children's institution resident living in the district boundaries.

- A foster care student who remains in their school (but may not live in that area) within the district

Students may also continue to attend a school, although the codes do not address whether they are "residents," in the following circumstances:

- A student whose parent is active military and who is being transferred into the district. (California Education Code section 48204.3)

- A student whose parent has departed the state involuntarily, regardless of where the pupil lived in California prior to the departure (California Education Code section 48204.4)

- A student belonging to a military family who attends and was a resident previously (California Education Code section 48204.6).  The time they are allowed to stay will depend on the grade in which they were/are enrolled.

-  A student who is migratory and attends that district (California Education Code section 48204.7). The time they are allowed to stay will depend on the grade in which they were/are enrolled.

This determination of a student's status as a "resident," is critical for many families, to ensure their kids don't have to switch schools unnecessarily or that a student can enter a particular district or remain at their school of attendance.

Best,

 

Michelle Ball

Education Law Attorney 

 

LAW OFFICE OF MICHELLE BALL 

717 K Street, Suite 228 

Sacramento, CA 95814 

Phone: 916-444-9064 

Email:help@edlaw4students.com 

Fax: 916-444-1209

Website, Blog, Twitter, Youtube, Facebook

 

Please see my disclaimer on the bottom of my blog page. This is legal information, not legal advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed by this posting, etc. etc.!  This blog may not be reproduced without permission from the author and proper attribution of authorship. This blog may not reflect the current state of the law.  

[This communication may be considered a communication/solicitation for services]

READ MORE - Who is a Resident of a School District?

The Importance Of The Chronic Illness Form When Your Child Is Sick

By Michelle Ball, California Education Attorney for Students since 1995

Life may seem rosy for most California public school kids as they can attend school and are there for most of the material, homework, tests and other school activities.  However, if you find your child is missing a lot of school due to a long term illness and attendance is becoming an issue, completion of a "Chronic Illness Verification  Form" may help protect your child, as well as you, from truancy and other issues.

Truancy laws in California can be very heavy handed and allow punishment for a student with 3 unexcused absences and/or who misses more than 30 minutes in a day without valid excuse (Ed §48260).  Although most schools allow students to miss 3 days without a doctor's note, and only parent verification of illness, the fourth day means a mandated visit to a doctor just to get a note.  If the parent does not get this note for that day and days following, the student may be stuck with an unexcused absence.  Three of these unexcused sick days (days beyond what the school allows a parent to excuse) without a doctor's note may may mean the student is labelled a "truant."  

What happens if the child has an illness which keeps them out for a week at a time, and a doctor visit won't alter this (as it is a chronic condition such as cancer, heart condition, debilitating stomach or pain issues, etc.)?  The parent is still forced to drag their child to a waiting room to see a medical person, and must incur a bill for the office visit just to confirm the child is ill and receives an excused absence.  This is even the case  if the parent already knows their child is sick from illness, but must just stay out a fourth, fifth, etc. day of school in a row prior to being able to return to school.

Schools may not tell parents, but when a student has issues where they physically cannot attend school frequently, which are medically documented, the parent has options other than dragging their child to the doctor on the fourth day of any absence.  These options are not always communicated to families by schools.  

One great option for parents is to have their doctor complete a "Chronic Illness Verification Form,"  (link to form which opens a Word document). This form gives the parent the ability to excuse their child beyond the 3 days the schools normally allow.  The preface in the form states:

"The Chronic Illness Form allows parents to excuse absences due to a specific medical condition with the same authority as a medical professional." 

It may be best to ask for the school's form as a first step, but a parent does not have to wait to get this form from their school.  Rather, parents can take this form directly to their child's doctor.   

Once this form is completed by the medical professional, it is returned to the school, which may verify the form came from the physician.  Thereafter, the parent may excuse their child for medical reasons for an extended time period without having to go to the doctor.  Work missed should be able to be made up and truancy issues will hopefully not be pursued (fingers crossed as some districts try to pursue truancy for "excessive excused" absences).

Other options for help with this type of situation are Home Hospital Instruction (HHI), as well as setting up a Section 504 Plan, or even an IEP (Individualized Education Program).  However, while those may be pending or even not pursued by the parent, this form can help a parent deal with a student who just cannot go to school due to their illness.  It allows an already stressed parent to breathe a large sigh of relief that even though their child is very ill, at least a doctor's visit is not needed every fourth day to avoid truancy at school.    

Best,

Michelle Ball

Education Law Attorney 

LAW OFFICE OF MICHELLE BALL 

717 K Street, Suite 228 

Sacramento, CA 95814 

Phone: 916-444-9064 

Email:help@edlaw4students.com 

Fax: 916-444-1209

Website: http://www.edlaw4students.com/

Blog: http://edlaw4students.blogspot.com/

Twitter: http://twitter.com/michelleaball

Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/user/EdLaw4Students

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Law-Office-of-Michelle-Ball/191273330901857

[please like my office on Facebook, subscribe via twitter and email, and check out my videos on Youtube!]

Please see my disclaimer on the bottom of my blog page. This is legal information, not legal advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed by this posting, etc. etc.!  This blog may not be reproduced without permission from the author and proper attribution of authorship.

READ MORE - The Importance Of The Chronic Illness Form When Your Child Is Sick

Early Admission To Kindergarten Under The New Age Restrictions

By Michelle Ball, California Education Attorney for Students since 1995

You may have noticed recently that the age of students in kindergarten is increasing.  Soon, all kindergartners will be required to be 5 years old by September 1 the year they enter kindergarten.  This is because the birthday month for admission has been steadily moving backwards.

California Education Code §48000 is the culprit in this mess.  It moved entrance birthdays back from December (2011-2012) to November (2012-2013) to October 1 as of 2013-2014.  This means, to enter kindergarten in the fall of 2013, a student must be 5 years old on or before October 1, 2013.  In 2014-2015 a student will have to be 5 by September 1, 2014 to enter kindergarten that year.  

Be off by a single day and a student may not enter traditional kindergarten until the following year.  Even turning 5 on October 2 is too late.  A four year old born on October 2 who is turning 5 in 2013, won't enter kindergarten until 2014.  That student will be 6 years old almost their entire kindergarten year.   A lot of parents with advanced preschoolers are not happy.

How can a parent get around this entrance age cut-off?  No guarantees, but §48000 lays out two items which must be met for a district to consider early admission to kindergarten:

1)  The governing board determines that the admittance is in the best interests of the child, and
2)  The parent or guardian is given information regarding the advantages and disadvantages and any other explanatory information about the effect of this early admittance.

Per the California Department of Education (CDE), if the governing board agrees the student's best interests would be served by being admitted early, despite being born after the legal cut-off date, the student still would not be admitted until he or she actually turned 5 [see the CDE article "Kindergarten in California"].

Per §48000 the board needs to approve early entrance, likely by requesting a closed session review.  Loved ones' opinions alone on the child's social maturity and brilliance will not likely be enough.  Testing, professional opinions and prior instructors' support may be needed to gain early admission. 

All parents believe their child is smart and is waiting too long to move forward in their education, but what do the professionals believe?  Is the child socially ready for this placement?  What do their test scores show?  What did their preschool teacher(s) think?  These factors are important.

If early admission is granted, a school will then need to be found for the student, and it may not be the usual home school, which could be at capacity already.

If you petition for early admission, remember to start off strong and not presume anyone who asks will simply be allowed in.  It may not be that simple so make the best possible case from the start.

Best,

Michelle Ball
Education Law Attorney
LAW OFFICE OF MICHELLE BALL
717 K Street, Suite 228
Sacramento, CA 95814
Phone: 916-444-9064
Fax: 916-444-1209
Email: help@edlaw4students.com

Website: http://www.edlaw4students.com/

Blog: http://edlaw4students.blogspot.com/

Twitter: http://twitter.com/michelleaball

Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/user/EdLaw4Students

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Law-Office-of-Michelle-Ball/191273330901857

[please like my office on Facebook, subscribe via twitter and email, and check out my videos on Youtube!]

Please see my disclaimer on the bottom of my blog page. This is legal information, not legal advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed by this posting, etc. etc.!  This blog may not be reproduced without permission from the author and proper attribution of authorship.

READ MORE - Early Admission To Kindergarten Under The New Age Restrictions

Parents Rights in Public Schools- Sixteen Rights (And Counting) Which Parents May Not Know They Have

By Michelle Ball, California Education Attorney for Students since 1995

California Education Code 51101 has a handy list of public school parents' rights neatly packaged for use when push comes to shove in California schools.  Some of these rights may come as a surprise to parents who are being denied a simple parent-teacher conference, can't get their child's records, are denied volunteer opportunities, were never given the school policies, or are having other difficulties in the public school environment.

Section 51101 affords the following rights to California public school parents (be advised this is an abbreviated list and is paraphrased):

1)  To be "mutually supportive and respectful partners" with the school.

2)  Within a reasonable time to observe their child's current classroom(s) and/or future classrooms if transferring.

3)  To meet with the teacher(s) or principal within a reasonable time of their request.

4)  To volunteer in the school or classroom, under supervision of school employees and with approval of the teacher (if volunteering in the classroom).

5)  To be notified if their child is absent on a timely basis.

6)  To receive the results of standardized and statewide tests.

7)  To request a particular school and receive a response.

8)  To have a safe environment supportive of learning.

9)  To examine curriculum materials of their child's classes.

10)  To be informed of their child's progress and whom the parent should contact if there are problems.

11)  To access their child's school records (see also Education Code 49069 which requires provision within 5 business days).

12)  To be provided with data regarding skills and standards their child is to meet.

13)  To be informed in advance of school rules, including discipline rules and procedures, attendance policies, dress codes, and procedures for visiting the school.

14)  To be informed regarding any psychological testing the school does and to refuse the testing.

15)  To participate in parent advisory committees, schoolsite councils, or site-based management leadership teams.

16)  To question anything in their child's records with which they disagree.

Now, parents, did you know you had all these rights????  Now go out and use them.

Best,

Michelle Ball
Education Law Attorney
LAW OFFICE OF MICHELLE BALL
717 K Street, Suite 228
Sacramento, CA 95814
Phone: 916-444-9064
Fax: 916-444-1209
Website: http://www.edlaw4students.com/

Blog: http://edlaw4students.blogspot.com/

Twitter: http://twitter.com/michelleaball

Youtube: http://www.youtube.com/user/EdLaw4Students

Please see my disclaimer on the bottom of my blog page [http://edlaw4students.blogspot.com/]. This is legal information, not legal advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed by this posting, etc. etc.!  This blog may not be reproduced without permission from the author and proper attribution of authorship.

READ MORE - Parents Rights in Public Schools- Sixteen Rights (And Counting) Which Parents May Not Know They Have

Resist Teacher and School Pressure To Drug Your Children For Them To Attend And Be Educated

By Michelle Ball, California Education Attorney for Students since 1995

Under both California and federal law, schools CANNOT make drugging kids a condition of attending school.  This means that if a child is alleged to have "behavior issues" there is no requirement parents seek out a mind-altering substance to control them in the classroom. Despite this, there is often a LOT of pressure from school officials, teachers, etc. for parents to control a non-conforming child by use of drugs.  Prior to giving in to the pressure, PLEASE look at alternative methods of controlling behavior as described below.

Over the years, I have consulted with thousands of parents with problems in the schools. Conflict arises when a student cannot sit in their seat 4-6 hours a day without distracting other students with foot tapping, jokes, fidgeting, or other activity.  The intolerance is large and the schools have become much more focused on CONTROL of children.

Many parents, as a result, have been pressured by the schools to make their child "fit in" within the public school classrooms and their method of instruction.  Unfortunately, the typical classroom does not work for all kids.  As such, parents may hear little hints and/or direct suggestions from a child's teacher that "he may have ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), you should get him evaluated."  Or, "he won't be able to stay in MY classroom unless he gets himself under control- have you looked into XYZ medication?"  The pressure can be intense and unrelenting.

Thankfully, there is NOTHING a school or district can do if you refuse to put your child on medication to control their behavior.  Now, when I talk about medication, I am referring to psychotropic medication.  In general terms, this is medication which is prescribed by an MD (Medical Doctor) or a Psychiatrist to purportedly handle attention, hyperactivity, mood, depression, anxiety, behavior, and other activities that are not "normal."

Before looking to medication as the "answer," consider these options:

1)  Placement in a different setting which allows for more movement, interaction, independent study, etc. -- whatever may work for your child.  There are charter schools, private schools, home schools and many options other than the public schools.
2)  Student Study Team (SST) meeting to develop a support plan for a child in regular education.
3)  504 Plan to develop reasonable accommodations to help your child BE in the classroom, for example:  frequent breaks, the ability to walk around the room or complete a task for the teacher, access to counseling with staff, etc.  There are so many accommodations which can be made if behavior is impacting school, it is unbelievable.  The student, however, has to have some sort of identified disability which impacts learning and/or other areas of existence prior to qualifying for a 504.
4)  Behavior Support Plan (BSP):  These plans may be developed in conjunction with the SST, 504, or special education.  I have been surprised with how many students with behavior problems in school have no and/or inadequate BSPs.  This is a fabulous tool to evaluate and handle behavior issues.
5)  Medical evaluation: a child may also need a full medical evaluation to discover what PHYSICAL problems may be causing behavior issues, such as allergies, vision problems, hearing problems, low thyroid, diabetes, or a myriad of other physical problems impacting behavior.
6)  Alternative Mental Health:  Parents also should consider alternatives to drugging such as listed at the site alternative mental health.com.  This site says it is "the largest site for non-drug approaches for mental health."  As psychotropic drugs may be "mind-altering" to a student and can have severe side effects, I would urge parents to look at every alternative prior to proceeding with drugs for behavior.  There may be another way.

The bottom line is that parents are in charge of their child's mental health and must help them if they have issues.  The school cannot force a parent to drug a child, and parents must be ready to resist the pressure.  You can do it!

Best,

Michelle Ball
Education Law Attorney
LAW OFFICE OF MICHELLE BALL
717 K Street, Suite 228
Sacramento, CA 95814
Phone: 916-444-9064
Fax: 916-444-1209
Website: http://www.edlaw4students.com/

Blog: http://edlaw4students.blogspot.com/

Twitter: http://twitter.com/michelleaball

Please see my disclaimer on the bottom of my blog page [http://edlaw4students.blogspot.com/]. This is legal information, not legal advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed by this posting, etc. etc.!  This blog may not be reproduced without permission from the author and proper attribution of authorship.

READ MORE - Resist Teacher and School Pressure To Drug Your Children For Them To Attend And Be Educated